This paper investigates the effect of excavation unloading on the stability of channel engineering slopes，and studies the effect of slope stability after channel excavation under different excavation slope rates，different geotechnical structure types and different graded slope heights of release slopes.The results of the numerical simulations demonstrate that an increase in the excavation slope and layer height will result in a reduction in the stability of channel engineering slopes.With regard to the type of geotechnical structure，single-layer clay slopes are the most susceptible to instability，and therefore slope stabilization measures should be implemented to prevent landslides and further destabilization.In light of the aforementioned research outcomes，a series of recommended measures have been put forth.These include the implementation of a reasonable excavation slope，slope reinforcement techniques，optimization of excavation layer height，establishment of an effective drainage system，creation of a slope monitoring system，improvement of unstable soil，and the undertaking of vegetation restoration and other preventive and control measures.The implementation of these measures can effectively enhance the stability of channel project slopes，mitigate the risk of landslides，and guarantee the safety of the project.