In order to study the impact of land use change on runoff in Raohe river basin，the SWAT model of Raohe river basin was constructed，and the runoff results were analyzed by inputting the land use maps and extreme land use maps of 2000，2005，2010，2015 and 2020.The results showed that from 2000 to 2020，the areas of arable land，forest land and pasture，which occupied a large proportion of the total area，were all in a declining trend，while the expansion of the urban land area was the most obvious. After calibrating and verifying the model，the results of R2 and ENS of Dufengkeng and Hushan hydrology stations during the calibration and verification period are not less than 0.85，and the relative errors |Re| are less than 20%，indicating that the model can be used in Raohe river basin. Compared with the land use maps of the five periods，the runoff of the total outlet section of the basin showed a downward and then slowly upward trend which was related to the transfer of the area of cultivated land，grassland and forest land to urban land，and the impact of land use change was more obvious in flood season than in non-flood season. By setting extreme land use scenarios，it showed that the increase of cultivated land area had a positive feedback on the runoff，and the increase of cultivated land area would lead to the increase of the runoff，while the increase of forest and pasture area had a negative feedback on the runoff and would reduce the runoff.