Promoting the reform of water rights and water market is an important measure to solve the contradiction between supply and demand of water resources and realize the economical and intensive use of water resources.It is also an important measure to implement the principle of giving priority to water saving and promote the high-quality development of water resources.By analyzing the reform process and practice status of water rights and water market in Jiangxi province,this paper clarifies the existing problems and puts forward countermeasures and suggestions from four aspects: clarifying water rights of water users,improving the system of water rights and water market,strengthening the cultivation of market subjects of water rights trading,and exploring various types of water rights trading.It provides important reference for Jiangxi province to promote water rights trading and the healthy development of water market in the future.