This paper studied the reinforcement corrosion problem of hydraulic concrete structure easily existing in complex working environment for a long time. The reinforcement corrosion mechanism and the influence of reinforcement corrosion on reinforced concrete structure are studied. The influence of reinforcement corrosion on material mechanical properties and bond slip properties, as well as the rust expansion effect based on non-uniform corrosion are analyzed. At the same time, it puts forward that the coupling effect between various influencing factors is an important research direction for reinforcement corrosion in the future.