Dyke is an important part of Poyang Lake flood control system，and also the main battlefield of flood control and emergency rescue over the years.After analyzing the present situation of structural characteristics and flood-control standard of the dyke in Poyang Lake，this paper has analyzed the common emergency of lake area dyke.Taking piping as typical emergency， the emergency characteristics， reasonable emergency rescue range analyzing， emergency severity discrimination and emergency rescue methods selection have been introduced.The Basic Thinking of compiling dyke emergency rescue book for different intended targets has also been put forward.According to the present situation of grassroots flood control technicians are insufficient，this paper has introduced the main function and development content of the system of dyke patrol surveillance，danger discovery and expert consultation，and constructed the risk assessment system of dyke safety.The system has been applied in dyke emergency rescue of Poyang Lake flood disaster in 2020 and proves to be successful in practice.