Aiming to prove the temporal and spatial variation of precipitation in Ganjiang river basin.Based on the monthly precipitation from 44 national meteorological stations in the basin for 59 years（1960～2018），the cumulative anomaly method，sliding t test，wavelet analysis，EOF decomposition and other methods were used to analyze the temporal and spatial distribution，trend，abrupt change and periodic characteristics of precipitation in the Ganjiang river basin.The research shows that:The distribution of precipitation in the Ganjiang river basin is uneven during several years，gradually increasing from 1 to 6 and decreasing sharply after June；precipitation increased at a rate of 18.8mm/10 years.The precipitation space shows a distribution of‘less in the middle and more in the surroundings’；the precipitation in 1991 showed abrupt changes from low to high，and in 2002，there was a sudden reduced change in precipitation.The main cycle of precipitation is 35 years，with sub-cycles of 6，12，and 18 years；the EOF analysis results of precipitation show that the cumulative contribution rate of the first three modes is 82.9%.The precipitation distribution types characterized by the three modes are mainly spatially consistent，north-south reverse，middle and north-south reverse.