This article analyzes the current situation of soil erosion and prevention in Nanchang county，focuses on the protection and rational use of soil and water resources，clarifies the prevention and control objectives of soil and water conservation in the county，divides the soil and water conservation divisions of Nanchang county，and carries out the evaluation of the basic functions of soil and water conservation.A system of measures for prevention，governance and monitoring has been established to provide support and guarantee for the promotion of the county's sustainable utilization of water and soil resources and sustainable economic and social development.