Evaporation is an important part of hydrological cycle.The main meteorological factors affecting evaporation vary with time and space.Based on the monitoring results of duration of sunshine， wind speed， temperature，humidity，and evaporation，and that the paper discussed main meteorological factors affecting the evaporation by using the methods of grey relational analysis and principal component analysis，and the simulation of evaporation by using the main meteorological factors.The results show that：the main meteorological factors affecting the evaporation change are different with time scales.On monthly and annual scales，the main meteorological factors affecting the evaporation change process are sunshine hours，temperature and wind speed.On the diurnal scale，the influence degree of each factor of evaporation is more uniform.The meteorological factors can reveal the main change process and future trends of evaporation，but did not able to simulate and interpolate the long series of evaporation.