Jiangxi province is located on the South bank of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze river.Since ancient times， it has enjoyed the reputation of “the land of fish and rice”.It has rich water resources，developed water conservancy projects and a wide variety of types.There are many water conservancy projects built in successive dynasties.This paper comprehensively uses the methods of documentation，field investigation and comparative analysis to analyze and summarize the development history，current situation and existing problems of ancient water conservancy projects in Jiangxi province，aiming at providing a scientific basis for the protection and utilization of water cultural heritage in Jiangxi province.