Fly ash discharge was the largest single source of industrial solid waste in our country.Fly ash had a great influence on the ash field and its surrounding vegetation，soil，atmosphere and water，and had a long-lasting damage to the ecological environment.Therefore，based on the relevant research literature，this paper analyzed the physical and chemical properties of fly ash，revealed the composition characteristics of fly ash trace elements，summarized the existing research results，and comprehensively analyzes the impact of fly ash field on the ash field and its surrounding ecological environment，And provided suggestions for the treatment of ash pollution，provided suggestions for the restoration of gray soil vegetation and ecological management.