Nanchang is located in the middle-downstream Yangtze plains，with dense water system and abundant water resources.As an important factor of ecology and landscape，how does urban river can serve urban residents conveniently and quickly is an important index of urban sustainable development.This paper summarizes the domestic and foreign research on accessibility in various fields，introduces the research methods of accessibility.Also this paper attempts to use accessibility analysis applied to the city river in Nanchang city，using the nearest distance method of ArcGIS spatial analysis，based on the grid of Nanchang city，respectively aim at the main rivers in Nanchang city(the Ganjiang River，Fu River)and the whole river system in Nanchang city，evaluate the accessibility level，and in accordance with the administrative division，compared the convenience of each area to reach water system in space.