As a focus of environmental pollution, water pollution has been paid more and more attention.In view of the water quality monitoring system is not perfect at present, this paper introduces a new type of water quality monitoring robot design.This robot integrates the advantages of water quality monitoring ship and buoy, which can not only carry out long-term fixed monitoring but also can perform a large range of cruise monitoring.Hybrid power supply system by solar and wind which can provide abundant energy, to ensure continual work.This water quality monitoring robot innovating a new type of flexible frame structure, which can change the height of the center of gravity and provide four kinds of different work state to face different environment, significantly enhancing the adaptability of the robot.