This study analyzed the characters of water pollution load in Poyang Lake, attributing to the water quality database during 1998-2012 and hydrological database during 2008-2012. Results showed that, firstly, the amount of COD, NH4-N, TP transported into Poyang Lake was respectively of 278563.7t、47218.06t、10931.3t in the normal year, 513296.5t、 80452.18t、14095.05t in high flow years, and 219094.8t、46051.37t、6448.57t in low flow years. Secondly, the pollutants transported from the five-river and seven estuaries into Poyang Lake accounted for most of the total pollutants in Poyang Lake. Thirdly, the pollutants transported from wet-dry deposition were lower than that from the fiver river, but higher than that from Yangtze river into the lake. Lastly, there were significantly differences on the patterns among the three pollutants. For example, COD from the five river was highest in high flow years and from the Yangtze river was highest in low flow years. 96 percent of NH4-N was transported from the five river into Poyang Lake and the other 4 percent of NH4-N was transported from wet-dry deposition into Poyang Lake. 3 percent of TP was transported from the Yangtze river into Poyang Lake during in low flow years.