This article analyzed the interannual, annual variation law of sediment out or into Poyang Lake，according to the characteristics of the sediment change of five rivers' control hydrology stations and Hukou hydrology station. It also analyzed the silt alteration situation in different areas in Poyang Lake based on the result of measurement of Poyang Lake under the Yangtze River Commission in 1998 as well as the geographical measurement of Poyang Lake in 2010. By the typical cross section method, this article also explored the distribution of the sediment scouring and deposition in Poyang Lake Region.