Red sandstone possesses unique geological mechanical properties such as intense physical weathering，softening upon contact with water，proneness to disintegration and fragmentation，as well as reduced strength. These characteristics lead to its high susceptibility to erosion，difficulty in recovery，and propensity to form eroded inferior land. To better address the weak practices in the management of eroded red sandstone land，this study conducted pot experiments to analyze the changes in soil physical and chemical properties and plant growth characteristics after adding different exogenous organic carbons. The study aimed to identify the most effective exogenous organic carbon with the best comprehensive improvement effects，compare the improvement of soil with different addition methods and concentrations，and distill effective measures for the recovery of exogenous organic carbon on eroded red sandstone land.The results showed that among the 7 common types of exogenous organic carbon added for comparison，"biochar" was selected as the exogenous organic carbon with better comprehensive improvement effects. By comparing the improvement effects and cost of different addition methods and concentrations of biochar on the soil of eroded red sandstone land，H0.2（equivalent to a mixed application method of biochar at 5.43 kg/m2）was identified as an effective measure for improving the soil of eroded red sandstone land. This provides a reference basis and technical support for the initial recovery of eroded red sandstone land soil.