The empirical formulae for bridge congestion calculation are derived by using the constant asymptotic flow energy equation of natural rivers,the applicability conditions and accuracy differences between the water surface line calculation method and the commonly used empirical formulae are demonstrated and analyzed,the calculation accuracy of the three commonly used empirical formulae is compared and analyzed from the theoretical level,the control limits of the important index of the maximum height of congestion of river-related construction programs of cross-river bridges are proposed,and engineering measures are suggested for the embankment projects in which the congestion of river sections exceeds the limits due to the construction of river-crossing bridges.