| 陈肖依,黄曦妮,曾 智.小水电站生态流量对电能损失率的影响分析[J].江西水利科技,2021,(6): |
| 小水电站生态流量对电能损失率的影响分析 |
| Analysis on the influence of ecological flow rate on power loss rate of small hydropower stations |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 生态流量 电能损失率 阈值 主成分分析 |
| 英文关键词: Ecological flow Power loss rate Threshold Principal component analysis |
| 基金项目: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 小水电站多以追求最大发电效益为目的，电站下游河道生态流量往往处于“无”或“少”的不良状况，对生态环境影响日益凸显。为研究电站下泄生态流量对电站电能损失的影响及影响因子的作用，本文选取江西省遂川县为研究区域，采用主成分分析法分析小水电站生态流量对电站电能损失率的影响。结果表明：（1）河道生态流量对小水电站目前运行实际发电量的损失率的影响阈值一般控制在[10%，20%]。（2）电站效能属性第一主成分包括年利用小时数（M4）、设计流量与多年平均流量比（M5）和水量利用率（M6）；电站出力属性第二主成分包括设计水头（M2）和设计流量（M3）；装机规模（M1）为第三主成分装机属性单一主要指标；其中，M2和M4对电能损失率呈负作用，表明参数越大，相应电能损率失越大；M1、M3、M5和M6对电能损失率起积极正向作用，参数越大，相应电能损失越小。建议在小水电整改评估工作过程中，以考证M4、M5和M6的真实性和可靠性为先，后以电站铭牌特征值M2、M3和M1收集为辅，便于整改评估工作的顺利开展。本研究可为小水电站的评价认定和电能损失补偿提供一定的技术支撑和参考。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Most of the small hydropower stations aim at maximizing the benefit of power generation.The ecological flow in the lower reaches of the hydropower stations is zero or nearly zero,which has an increasingly prominent impact on the ecological environment.In order to study the influence of ecological flow on power loss and the effect of its influencing factors,this paper selects Suichuan county,Jiangxi province as the study area,and Principal Component Analysis（PCA）is used to analyze the influence of ecological flow on power loss rate of small hydropower station.The correlation analysis shows：1）the influence threshold of river ecological flow on the power loss rate of small hydropower stations is generally controlled at[10%,20%];2）the first principal component of the power station efficiency attribute includes the annual utilization hours（M4）,the ratio of design flow to multi-year average flow （M5）and the water utilization ratio（M6）.The design head（M2）and design flow（M3）are the second principal components of power station output.The installed scale（M1）is the single main index of the third principal component.Among them,M2 and M4 have negative effects on the power loss rate,indicating that the larger the parameters,the larger the corresponding power loss rate M1,M3,M5 and M6 have positive effects on the power loss rate.The larger the parameters,the smaller the corresponding power loss.In order to ensure the rectification and evaluation for small hydropower can be carried out sucessfully,it is advisable to first examine the authenticity and reliability of M1,M4,M5 and M6,and then collect the nameplate data of the power station.Obviously,this study provides certain technical support and reference for small hydropower station evaluation and power loss compensation. |
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