湖库水体常见蓝藻水华成因分析
——以江西省2个典型水体为例

蓝藻水华的暴发受水温、营养盐及其自身生理特性等多种因素影响.江西省湖泊水库众多，且各自的水生态环境特点差异较大，为了解江西湖库蓝藻暴发成因，本研究选取柘林水库（柘林湖）和共青城西南湖作为典型研究对象进行了水生态环境调查分析，结果表明：两水体的藻类组成繁杂多样，且以蓝绿藻为主要优势种，当地气候条件较适合藻类生长；具有滤食性和捕食藻类的大型底栖动物和大型浮游动物的数量比例过少；水生维管束植物覆盖度过低，水体营养盐适宜，来源稳定、充足，加上江西地区富含微量元素的土壤地质条件，上述因素均将导致该地区水体蓝藻水华较易发生，应针对性加以防范治理.

英文摘要:

The cyanobacteria bloom in lakes and reservoirs was affected by many factors such as water temperature，nutrients and physiological-ecological feature of cyanobacteria.There are many lakes and reservoirs in Jiangxi province with varied water environments and aquatic ecosystems.In this study，we investigated Reservoir Zhelin and Lake Xinnanhu systematically and analyzed the data.Results showed that the algae were abundant in the two waters and cyanobacteria together with chlorophyta were the dominant species.The water temperature and climate in this area was fit for the growth of algae.Population of macrobenthos and zooplankton in the waters was relatively low and there are few filter feeders or predator species which can digest cyanobacteria.Community structure of fishes in the two waters was fit for control of cyanobacteria bloom，as there are many fishes living on phytoplankton.The vegetation type was simple and coverage of aquatic vascular plants was low around the water.Finally，nutrients such as N and P together with trace elements from the soil in Jixangxi region are abundant for cyanobacteria growth.These factors will be fit for the occurrence of cyanobacteria bloom and pertinence measures should be taken to prevent and control it．

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