不同灌溉方式对避雨葡萄日需水量和产量结构的影响

为探明不同灌溉方式对避雨栽培葡萄需水量和产量结构的影响，本项目以巨峰葡萄为供试作物，于2014～2015年在江西省灌溉试验中心站果园布设痕量灌溉、滴灌、软管灌溉处理，对葡萄整个生育期的土壤墒情、需水规律、作物系数、灌溉用水量等进行监测分析，研究不同灌溉方式的节水效果、水分生产率以及对葡萄产量结构和品质的影响规律.结果表明：痕量灌溉比滴灌节水18%～25%，比软管灌溉节水34%～39%；痕量灌溉在设备运行期间日需水量比滴灌小15%～22%，比软管灌溉小24%～37%；痕量灌溉也有助于改善葡萄品质，测定结果显示，痕量灌溉下葡萄的可溶性固形物含量比滴灌高1.31%～3.70%，比软管灌溉高7.62%～8.13%；痕量灌溉与滴灌产量接近，但比软管灌溉增产15.6%.相比滴灌和软管灌溉，痕量灌溉用于葡萄生产，同时具有节水、增产和提高品质作用.

英文摘要:

In order to find out the influence of different irrigation methods on the water requirement and yield structure of grape cultivation in rain-proof cultivation，this project uses Jufeng grape as the test crop.In 2014～2015，it set up trace irrigation，drip irrigation and soft in the orchard of Jiangxi province irrigation test center station.Tube irrigation treatment， monitoring and analysis of soil moisture， water requirement， crop coefficient and irrigation water consumption during the whole growth period of grape， study the water-saving effect， water productivity and the influence of different irrigation methods on the structure and quality of grape yield.The results show that trace irrigation is 18%～25%less than drip irrigation，and 34%～39%less than hose irrigation.The daily water requirement during trace operation is 15%～22%smaller than drip irrigation.Irrigation is 24%～37%small； trace irrigation also helps to improve the quality of grapes.The results show that the soluble solids content of grapes under trace irrigation is 1.31%～3.70%higher than that of drip irrigation，7.62%～8.13%higher than hose irrigation.Trace irrigation and drip irrigation yields were close，but increased by 15.6%over hose irrigation.Compared to drip irrigation and hose irrigation，trace irrigation is used for grape production，while saving water，increasing production and improving quality.

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