新疆某水利枢纽表孔出口挑坎水力学试验分析

水利工程中的泄水建筑物由于上下游水位落差较大，末端水流拥有巨大的动能，所以需要设置一些消能装置，减少水流对河床的冲击掏刷作用.结合新疆现有水利枢纽工程，通过水力学缩尺模型试验，调整不同工况，验证设置与不设置差动坎的挑流坎在相应工况下水流的流态、时均压力、挑能效果，挑流距离及冲坑深度等效果，最终确定合适的挑坎体型.结果表明，虽然去掉差动坎后水舌扩散不如有差动坎充分，但是水垫塘底板时均压强的分布看并无显著差异，最终采用不设置差动坎的消能方式.依此，为工程设计提供设计依据.

英文摘要:

Because of the big difference of water level between the upstream and downstream of the water conservancy project，the terminal flow has huge kinetic energy，so some energy dissipation devices need to be set up to reduce the impact of the water flow on the river bed.With the existing hydro project in Xinjiang，hydraulics scale model test，adjust the different conditions，verify the set and not set the differential ridge of the pressure ridge in the corresponding flow conditions of the flow，the average pressure，the pick can effect，pick flow distance and pit depth effect，and ultimately determine the appropriate pick-up body type.The results show that although the diffusion of water tongue is not as good as the differential ridge after removing the differential ridge，there is no significant difference in the distribution of the average pressure at the bottom of the plunge pool.Finally，the energy dissipation mode without the differential ridge is adopted.Based on this，provide design basis for engineering design.

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